Link object files util.o and main.o into the executable hello_world This is repeated until all prerequisites have been built.Ĭompile a utility library comprising files util.h and util.c into util.o by executing the command gcc -c util.cĬompile the main source file main.c into main.o If a prerequisite doesn’t exists yet, the make tool executes the recipe to generate that prerequisite. Such a rule or task describes how to make a target and consists of 3 parts: target: prerequisites Make is a cross-platform tool which will look for Makefiles that contain a set of rules. Make is a tool which was created in 1976 and one of the most appearing build tools in the industry. Self tracking build systems also detect changes to the build tasks, for example because compile flags were changed. Most build systems only track changes of inputs and intermediate results. Early cutoffīuild systems that have an early cutoff feature can stop the build early when nothing changes. This can be optimised by storing the intermediates in the cloud and re-using these in stead of re-executing. When build systems are used in large teams you often end up executing the same tasks on different machines. Minimal buildsĪ minimal build system is a system that executes tasks at most once per build, and only if they transitively depend on inputs that changed the previous build. Dynamic dependencies may not be known upfront and are discovered after the build has started. Static dependencies need to be known upfront, before the build is started. These dependencies can be static or dynamic. These targets can have some dependencies that need to be available before the end target can be created. The list includes: Make, Ninja, Gradle, Maven, SCons, Bazel, Shake, …īuild systems have a number of features on which they can be compared:īuild systems define a set of targets that needs to be created. Global comparison of multiple build systemsĬurrently there are a lot of build systems in use, too many to cover all. The tasks that are often included in an automated build are: Building an application includes compiling, linking and packaging the code into a usable or executable form. Build systems What is a build systemĪ build system is basically a program that knows how to build other programs, or in other words a tool that provides automated building. Finally, Bazel is discussed in detail and compared to other build tools. Next, the most used build tool at this time, namely Make, is discussed in more detail, together with CMake. This, and a broad comparison of characteristics of build systems, will be explained in the first chapter. Bazel uses this dependency information to know what must be rebuilt when you make changes to a source file, and which tasks can run in parallel.To start understanding what Bazel is and does, we need to know what build systems are.
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